Install magento via commandline on a linux machine

1) Install composer on your machine


at the moment you have to have installed php 7.0.2 minumum
if you do not have a lamp stack installed, follow this very good guide
https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/install-apache-with-php-and-mysql-on-ubuntu-16-04-lamp/

add a mysql user with needed rights
GRANT ALL on *.* to 'peter'@'localhost' identified by 'yoursecretpassword';


install needed php extensions
apt-get install php7.0-gd php7.0-xml php7.0-mcrypt php7.0-curl php7.0-intl php7.0-mbstring php7.0-zip php7.0-mysql

 
get composer
follow https://getcomposer.org/download/

Create project with composer
2)composer create-project --repository-url=https://repo.magento.com/ magento/project-community-edition /var/www/html/magento2

this downloads and installs magento2 under /var/www/magento2

Username / Password repo.magnto.com
during the installation your are ask for username and password to repo.magento.org

You have to create an account on https://marketplace.magento.com and create access keys.
After you have created private and public key, you have to use the public key as username and the privatekey as the password


make cli executable

cd /var/www/magento2 && chmod +x bin/magento

Database
create a database named magento2

navigate to installdir
cd /var/www/magento2

set accessrights (all for the first time)
chmod -R 777 *

execute installcommand

bin/magento setup:install --base-url=http://magento2.localhost/pub/ --language=en_US --backend-frontname=admin --db-host=localhost --db-name=magento2 --db-user=root --db-password=DBPASSWORD --admin-email=max@mustermann.de --admin-user=youradmin --admin-password=PASSWORD --admin-firstname=Max --admin-lastname=Mustermann

add sampledata and activate additional modules

bin/magento sampledata:deploy 
bin/magento setup:upgrade

you will be asked for username and password again. user your pubkey as username and private key as password 


enable devoloper-mode to see all php problems and get more information during runtime

bin/magento deploy:mode:set developer

deploy static content, otherwise styles are missing
bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy 

add domain to your /etc/hosts
nano etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 magento2-shop.local 

add apache-vhost entry to your installation
keep sure, you link into the pubditectory, otherwise the css files arent found






this article is based on:
http://alanstorm.com/magento-2-frontend-files-serving

and 

https://www.integer-net.de/magento-2-installation/